Python for Everyone, 3rd Edition is renowned for its clear, accessible language and its practical approach to learning. It is suitable for course in programming for computer scientists, engineers, and students in other disciplines. Starting with the fundamentals and progressing to sophisticated programming techniques, the book covers essential topics such as data structures, algorithms, object-oriented programming, and even dives into Python's powerful applications in data science and machine learning. It empowers readers to not just understand Python syntax but to also apply it effectively to solve real-world problems

1 INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING

1.1 Computer Programs

1.2 The Anatomy of a Computer

Computing & Society 1.1 Computers Are Everywhere

1.3 The Python Programming Language

1.4 Becoming Familiar with Your Programming Environment

Programming Tip 1.1 Interactive Mode

Programming Tip 1.2 Backup Copies

Special Topic 1.1 The Python Interpreter

1.5 Analyzing Your First Program

1.6 Errors

Common Error 1.1 Misspelling Words

1.7 Problem Solving: Algorithm Design

Computing & Society 1.2 Data Is Everywhere

How To 1.1 Describing an Algorithm with Pseudocode

Worked Example 1.1 Writing an Algorithm for Tiling a Floor

CHAPTER SUMMARY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

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REVIEW EXERCISES

PROGRAMMING EXERCISES

TOOLBOX QUESTIONS

GRAPHIC QUESTIONS

REAL-WORLD BUSINESS CHALLENGES

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2 PROGRAMMING WITH NUMBERS AND STRINGS

2.1 Variables

2.1.1 Defining Variables

2.1.2 Number Types

2.1.3 Variable Names

2.1.4 Constants

2.1.5 Comments

Common Error 2.1 Using Undefined Variables

Programming Tip 2.1 Choose Descriptive Variable Names

Programming Tip 2.2 Do Not Use Magic Numbers

2.2 Arithmetic

2.2.1 Basic Arithmetic Operations

2.2.2 Powers

2.2.3 Floor Division and Remainder

2.2.4 Calling Functions

2.2.5 Mathematical Functions

Common Error 2.2 Roundoff Errors

Common Error 2.3 Unbalanced Parentheses

Programming Tip 2.3 Use Spaces in Expressions

Special Topic 2.1 Other Ways to Import Modules

Special Topic 2.2 Combining Assignment and Arithmetic

Special Topic 2.3 Line Joining

2.3 Problem Solving: First Do It By Hand

Worked Example 2.1 Computing Travel Time

2.4 Strings

2.4.1 The String Type

2.4.2 Concatenation and Repetition

2.4.3 Converting Between Numbers and Strings

2.4.4 Strings and Characters

2.4.5 String Methods

Special Topic 2.4 Character Values

Special Topic 2.5 Escape Sequences

Computing & Society 2.1 International Alphabets and Unicode

2.5 Input and Output

2.5.1 User Input

2.5.2 Numerical Input

2.5.3 Formatted Output

Programming Tip 2.4 Don’t Wait to Convert

How To 2.1 Writing Simple Programs

Worked Example 2.2 Computing the Cost of Stamps

Computing & Society 2.2 Bugs in Silicon

2.6 Graphics: Simple Drawings

2.6.1 Creating a Window

2.6.2 Lines and Polygons

2.6.3 Filled Shapes and Color

2.6.4 Ovals, Circles, and Text

How To 2.2 Graphics: Drawing Graphical Shapes

TOOLBOX 2.1 Symbolic Processing with SymPy

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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3 DECISIONS

3.1 The if Statement

Common Error 3.1 Tabs

Programming Tip 3.1 Avoid Duplication in Branches

Special Topic 3.1 Conditional Expressions

3.2 Relational Operators

Common Error 3.2 Exact Comparison of Floating-Point Numbers

Special Topic 3.2 Lexicographic Ordering of Strings

How To 3.1 Implementing an if Statement

Worked Example 3.1 Extracting the Middle

3.3 Nested Branches

Programming Tip 3.2 Hand-Tracing

Computing & Society 3.1 Dysfunctional Computerized Systems

3.4 Multiple Alternatives

TOOLBOX 3.1 Sending E-mail

3.5 Problem Solving: Flowcharts

3.6 Problem Solving: Test Cases

Programming Tip 3.3 Make a Schedule and Make Time for Unexpected Problems

3.7 Boolean Variables and Operators

Common Error 3.3 Confusing and and or Conditions

Programming Tip 3.4 Readability

Special Topic 3.3 Chaining Relational Operators

Special Topic 3.4 Short-Circuit Evaluation of Boolean Operators

Special Topic 3.5 De Morgan’s Law

3.8 Analyzing Strings

3.9 Application: Input Validation

Special Topic 3.6 Terminating a Program

Special Topic 3.7 Interactive Graphical Programs

Computing & Society 3.2 Artificial Intelligence

Worked Example 3.2 Graphics: Intersecting Circles

TOOLBOX 3.2 Plotting Simple Graphs

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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TOOLBOX QUESTIONS

GRAPHIC QUESTIONS

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4 LOOPS

4.1 The while Loop

Common Error 4.1 Don’t Think “Are We There Yet?”

Common Error 4.2 Infinite Loops

Common Error 4.3 Off-by-One Errors

Special Topic 4.1 Special Form of the print Function

Computing & Society 4.1 The First Bug

4.2 Problem Solving: Hand-Tracing

4.3 Application: Processing Sentinel Values

Special Topic 4.2 Processing Sentinel Values with a Boolean Variable

Special Topic 4.3 Redirection of Input and Output

4.4 Problem Solving: Storyboards

4.5 Common Loop Algorithms

4.5.1 Sum and Average Value

4.5.2 Counting Matches

4.5.3 Prompting Until a Match is Found

4.5.4 Maximum and Minimum

4.5.5 Comparing Adjacent Values

4.6 The for Loop

Programming Tip 4.1 Count Iterations

How To 4.1 Writing a Loop

4.7 Nested Loops

Worked Example 4.1 Average Exam Grades

Worked Example 4.2 A Grade Distribution Histogram

4.8 Processing Strings

4.8.1 Counting Matches

4.8.2 Finding All Matches

4.8.3 Finding the First or Last Match

4.8.4 Validating a String

4.8.5 Building a New String

4.9 Application: Random Numbers and Simulations

4.9.1 Generating Random Numbers

4.9.2 Simulating Die Tosses

4.9.3 The Monte Carlo Method

Worked Example 4.3 Graphics: Bull’s Eye

4.10 Graphics: Digital Image Processing

4.10.1 Filtering Images

4.10.2 Reconfiguring Images

4.11 Problem Solving: Solve a Simpler Problem First

Computing & Society 4.2 Digital Piracy

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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PROGRAMMING EXERCISES

TOOLBOX QUESTIONS

GRAPHIC QUESTIONS

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5 FUNCTIONS

5.1 Functions as Black Boxes

5.2 Implementing and Testing Functions

5.2.1 Implementing a Function

5.2.2 Testing a Function

5.2.3 Programs that Contain Functions

Programming Tip 5.1 Function Comments

Programming Tip 5.2 Naming Functions

5.3 Parameter Passing

Programming Tip 5.3 Do Not Modify Parameter Variables

Common Error 5.1 Trying to Modify Arguments

5.4 Return Values

Special Topic 5.1 Using Single-Line Compound Statements

How To 5.1 Implementing a Function

Worked Example 5.1 Generating Random Passwords

5.5 Functions Without Return Values

Computing & Society 5.1 Personal Computing

5.6 Problem Solving: Reusable Functions

5.7 Problem Solving: Stepwise Refinement

Programming Tip 5.4 Keep Functions Short

Programming Tip 5.5 Tracing Functions

Programming Tip 5.6 Stubs

Worked Example 5.2 Calculating a Course Grade

Worked Example 5.3 Using a Debugger

5.8 Variable Scope

Programming Tip 5.7 Avoid Global Variables

Worked Example 5.4 Graphics: Rolling Dice

5.9 Graphics: Building an Image Processing Toolkit

5.9.1 Getting Started

5.9.2 Comparing Images

5.9.3 Adjusting Image Brightness

5.9.4 Rotating an Image

5.9.5 Using the Toolkit

Worked Example 5.5 Plotting Growth or Decay

5.10 Recursive Functions (Optional)

How To 5.2 Thinking Recursively

TOOLBOX 5.1 Turtle Graphics

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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TOOLBOX QUESTIONS

GRAPHIC QUESTIONS

REAL-WORLD BUSINESS CHALLENGES

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6 LISTS

6.1 Basic Properties of Lists

6.1.1 Creating Lists

6.1.2 Accessing List Elements

6.1.3 Traversing Lists

6.1.4 List References

Common Error 6.1 Out-of-Range Errors

Programming Tip 6.1 Use Lists for Sequences of Related Items

Special Topic 6.1 Negative Subscripts

Special Topic 6.2 Common Container Functions

Computing & Society 6.1 Computer Viruses

6.2 List Operations

6.2.1 Appending Elements

6.2.2 Inserting an Element

6.2.3 Finding an Element

6.2.4 Removing an Element

6.2.5 Concatenation and Replication

6.2.6 Equality Testing

6.2.7 Sum, Maximum, Minimum, and Sorting

6.2.8 Copying Lists

Special Topic 6.3 Slices

6.3 Common List Algorithms

6.3.1 Filling

6.3.2 Combining List Elements

6.3.3 Element Separators

6.3.4 Maximum and Minimum

6.3.5 Linear Search

6.3.6 Collecting and Counting Matches

6.3.7 Removing Matches

6.3.8 Swapping Elements

6.3.9 Reading Input

Worked Example 6.1 Plotting Trigonometric Functions

6.4 Using Lists with Functions

Special Topic 6.4 Call by Value and Call by Reference

Special Topic 6.5 Tuples

Special Topic 6.6 Functions with a Variable Number of Arguments

Special Topic 6.7 Tuple Assignment

Special Topic 6.8 Returning Multiple Values with Tuples

TOOLBOX 6.1 Editing Sound Files

6.5 Problem Solving: Adapting Algorithms

How To 6.1 Working with Lists

Worked Example 6.2 Rolling the Dice

6.6 Problem Solving: Discovering Algorithms by Manipulating Physical Objects

6.7 Tables

6.7.1 Creating Tables

6.7.2 Accessing Elements

6.7.3 Locating Neighboring Elements

6.7.4 Computing Row and Column Totals

6.7.5 Using Tables with Functions

Worked Example 6.3 A World Population Table

Special Topic 6.9 Tables with Variable Row Lengths

Worked Example 6.4 Graphics: Drawing Regular Polygons

CHAPTER SUMMARY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

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REVIEW EXERCISES

PROGRAMMING EXERCISES

TOOLBOX QUESTIONS

GRAPHIC QUESTIONS

REAL-WORLD BUSINESS CHALLENGES

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7 FILES AND EXCEPTIONS

7.1 Reading and Writing Text Files

7.1.1 Opening a File

7.1.2 Reading from a File

7.1.3 Writing from a File

7.1.4 A File Processing Example

Common Error 7.1 Backslashes in File Names

7.2 Text Input and Output

7.2.1 Iterating over the Lines of a File

7.2.2 Reading Words

7.2.3 Reading Characters

7.2.4 Reading Records

Special Topic 7.1 Reading the Entire File

Special Topic 7.2 Regular Expressions

Special Topic 7.3 Character Encodings

TOOLBOX 7.1 Working with CSV Files

7.3 Command Line Arguments

How To 7.1 Processing Text Files

Worked Example 7.1 Analyzing Baby Names

TOOLBOX 7.2 Working with Files and Directories

Computing & Society 7.1 Encryption Algorithms

7.4 Binary Files and Random Access (Optional)

7.4.1 Reading and Writing Binary Files

7.4.2 Random Access

7.4.3 Image Files

7.4.4 Processing BMP Files

Worked Example 7.2 Graphics: Displaying a Scene File

7.5 Exception Handling

7.5.1 Raising Exceptions

7.5.2 Handling Exceptions

7.5.3 The finally Clause

Programming Tip 7.1 Raise Early, Handle Late

Programming Tip 7.2 Do Not Use except and finally in the Same try Statement

Special Topic 7.4 The with Statement

TOOLBOX 7.3 Reading Web Pages

7.6 Application: Handling Input Errors

TOOLBOX 7.4 Statistical Analysis

Worked Example 7.3 Creating a Bubble Chart

Computing & Society 7.2 The Ariane Rocket Incident

CHAPTER SUMMARY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

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REVIEW EXERCISES

PROGRAMMING EXERCISES

TOOLBOX QUESTIONS

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8 SETS AND DICTIONARIES

8.1 Sets

8.1.1 Creating and Using Sets

8.1.2 Adding and Removing Elements

8.1.3 Subsets

8.1.4 Set Union, Intersection, and Difference

Worked Example 8.1 Counting Unique Words

Programming Tip 8.1 Use Python Sets, Not Lists, for Efficient Set Operations

Special Topic 8.1 Hashing

Computing & Society 8.1 Standardization

8.2 Dictionaries

8.2.1 Creating Dictionaries

8.2.2 Accessing Dictionary Values

8.2.3 Adding and Modifying Items

8.2.4 Removing Items

8.2.5 Traversing a Dictionary

Special Topic 8.2 Iterating over Dictionary Items

Special Topic 8.3 Storing Data Records

Worked Example 8.2 Translating Text Messages

8.3 Complex Structures

8.3.1 A Dictionary of Sets

8.3.2 A Dictionary of Lists

Special Topic 8.4 User Modules

Worked Example 8.3 Graphics: Pie Charts

TOOLBOX 8.1 Harvesting JSON Data from the Web

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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GRAPHIC QUESTIONS

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9 OBJECTS AND CLASSES

9.1 Object-Oriented Programming

9.2 Implementing a Simple Class

9.3 Specifying the Public Interface of a Class

9.4 Designing the Data Representation

Programming Tip 9.1 Make All Instance Variables Private, Most Methods Public

9.5 Constructors

Common Error 9.1 Trying to Call a Constructor

Special Topic 9.1 Default and Named Arguments

9.6 Implementing Methods

Programming Tip 9.2 Define Instance Variables Only in the Constructor

Special Topic 9.2 Class Variables

9.7 Testing a Class

How To 9.1 Implementing a Class

Worked Example 9.1 Implementing a Bank Account Class

9.8 Problem Solving: Tracing Objects

9.9 Problem Solving: Patterns for Object Data

9.9.1 Keeping a Total

9.9.2 Counting Events

9.9.3 Collecting Values

9.9.4 Managing Properties of an Object

9.9.5 Modeling Objects with Distinct States

9.9.6 Describing the Position of an Object

9.10 Object References

9.10.1 Shared References

9.10.2 The None Reference

9.10.3 The self Reference

9.10.4 The Lifetime of Objects

Computing & Society 9.1 Electronic Voting

9.11 Application: Writing a Fraction Class

9.11.1 Fraction Class Design

9.11.2 The Constructor

9.11.3 Special Methods

9.11.4 Arithmetic Operations

9.11.5 Logical Operations

Special Topic 9.3 Object Types and Instances

Worked Example 9.2 Graphics: A Die Class

Computing & Society 9.2 Open Source and Free Software

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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10 INHERITANCE

10.1 Inheritance Hierarchies

Programming Tip 10.1 Use a Single Class for Variation in Values, Inheritance for Variation in Behavior

Special Topic 10.1 The Cosmic Superclass: object

10.2 Implementing Subclasses

Common Error 10.1 Confusing Super- and Subclasses

10.3 Calling the Superclass Constructor

10.4 Overriding Methods

Common Error 10.2 Forgetting to Use the super Function When Invoking a Superclass Method

10.5 Polymorphism

Special Topic 10.2 Subclasses and Instances

Special Topic 10.3 Dynamic Method Lookup

Special Topic 10.4 Abstract Classes

Common Error 10.3 Don’t Use Type Tests

How To 10.1 Developing an Inheritance Hierarchy

Worked Example 10.1 Implementing an Employee Hierarchy for Payroll Processing

10.6 Application: A Geometric Shape Class Hierarchy

10.6.1 The Base Class

10.6.2 Basic Shapes

10.6.3 Groups of Shapes

TOOLBOX 10.1 Game Programming

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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11 RECURSION

11.1 Triangle Numbers Revisited

Common Error 11.1 Infinite Recursion

Special Topic 11.1 Recursion with Objects

11.2 Problem Solving: Thinking Recursively

Worked Example 11.1 Finding Files

11.3 Recursive Helper Functions

11.4 The Efficiency of Recursion

11.5 Permutations

Computing & Society 11.1 The Limits of Computation

11.6 Backtracking

Worked Example 11.2 Towers of Hanoi

11.7 Mutual Recursion

TOOLBOX 11.1 Analyzing Web Pages with Beautiful Soup

CHAPTER SUMMARY

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12 SORTING AND SEARCHING (Online)

12.1 Selection Sort

12.2 Profiling the Selection Sort Algorithm

12.3 Analyzing the Performance of the Selection Sort Algorithm

Special Topic 12.1 Oh, Omega, and Theta

Special Topic 12.2 Insertion Sort

12.4 Merge Sort

12.5 Analyzing the Merge Sort Algorithm

Special Topic 12.3 The Quicksort Algorithm

Computing & Society 12.1 The First Programmer

12.6 Searching

12.6.1 Linear Search

12.6.2 Binary Search

12.7 Problem Solving: Estimating the Running Time of an Algorithm

12.7.1 Linear Time

12.7.2 Quadratic Time

12.7.3 The Triangle Pattern

12.7.4 Logarithmic Time

Programming Tip 12.1 Searching and Sorting

Special Topic 12.4 Comparing Objects

Worked Example 12.1 Enhancing the Insertion Sort Algorithm

CHAPTER SUMMARY

Test Your Market Readiness

MCQS

Fill in the Blanks

REVIEW EXERCISES

PROGRAMMING EXERCISES

Appendix A PYTHON OPERATOR

Appendix B PYTHON RESERVED WORD

Appendix C THE PYTHON STANDARD FUNCTIONS AND METHODS LIBRARY

Appendix D CODING TOOLS (ADVANCED LIBRARY, AI AND ML LAB, DEEP LEARNING-BASIC PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS)

Appendix E BINARY NUMBERS AND BIT OPERATIONS (Online)

Appendix F HTML SUMMARY (Online)

Appendix G THE BASIC LATIN AND LATIN-1 SUBSETS OF UNICODE (Online)

GLOSSARY

INDEX Cay Horstmann

San Jose State University



Rance Necaise

Randolph-Macon College